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FT50:
YES
Adarkwah, Schou
2026
Adarkwah, G. K., & Schou, P. K. (2026). Impact investment as an enabler of firm formalization in the Global South. Journal of International Business Studies, 1-22.
EE Type:
Macroeconomic, Societal Crisis
Industry Coverage
BROAD
Geographic Coverage
BROAD-MULTICONTINENT
Specific EEF Applications:
FT50:
YES
Bennett
2019
Bennett, D. L. (2019). Infrastructure investments and entrepreneurial dynamism in the US. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(5), 105907.
EE Type:
Infrastructure
Industry Coverage
Broad
Geographic Coverage
AMERICAS, USA
Specific EEF Applications:
EE ROLES: Outcome-enhancement, Magnitude outcomes
FT50:
NO
Bennett
2021
Bennett, D. L. (2021). Local economic freedom and creative destruction in America. Small Business Economics, 56(1), 333-353.
EE Type:
Regulatory
Industry Coverage
Broad
Geographic Coverage
AMERICAS, USA
Specific EEF Applications:
EE ROLES: Outcome-enhancement, Magnitude outcomes
FT50:
YES
Bennett, Wagner, Araki
2024
Bennett, D. L., Wagner, G., & Araki, M. (2024). Labor market reform as an external enabler of high-growth entrepreneurship: A multi-level institutional contingency perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 39(6), 106428.
EE Type:
Regulatory
Industry Coverage
Broad
Geographic Coverage
AMERICAS, USA
Specific EEF Applications:
EE MECHANISMS | EE ROLES: Artifact shaping, Outcome-enhancement, Magnitude outcomes
FT50:
NO
Bergmann, Crelier, Mayr
2026
Bergmann, H., Crelier, T., & Mayr, J. (2026). The use and impact of AI-tools in early-stage startups. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 1-20.
EE Type:
Technological
Industry Coverage
IT
Geographic Coverage
MULTICONTINENT
Specific EEF Applications:
EE MECHANISMS: Combination, Compression, Conservation, Generation, Resource access, Resource expansion, Resource substitution, *Uncertainty reduction | EE MECHANISM PROPERTIES: Agency-intensity | EE ROLES: Process shaping, Artifact shaping, Milestone outcomes [implied], Magnitude outcomes [implied]
FT50:
NO
Brixy, Murmann
2025
Brixy, U., & Murmann, M. (2025). Hiring opportunities for new firms and the business cycle. Small Business Economics, 64(3), 1387-1413.
EE Type:
Macroeconomic, Regulatory, Societal Crisis
Industry Coverage
Broad
Geographic Coverage
EUROPE, GERMANY
Specific EEF Applications:
EE MECHANISMS: (Human) Resource expansion
FT50:
NO
Buzzacchi, Grilli, Milone
2025
Buzzacchi, L., Grilli, L., & Milone, F. L. (2025). Entrepreneurial opportunities in an “industry vacuum”? Platforms as external enablers. Industrial and Corporate Change, dtaf019.
EE Type:
Infrastructure, Technological
Industry Coverage
Narrow, Hospitality
Geographic Coverage
EUROPE, ITALY
Specific EEF Applications:
EE Roles Magnitude outcomes
FT50:
NO
Bögenhold, O’Hagan-Luff, Luff, Parastuty
2025
Bögenhold, D., O’Hagan-Luff, M., Parastuty, Z., & van Stel, A. (2025). How do policy instruments shape the potential to become solo or employer entrepreneurs? International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 55(4), 464–497
EE Type:
Macroeconomic, Regulatory, Technological
Industry Coverage
Unspecified
Geographic Coverage
MULTICONTINENT
Specific EEF Applications:
EE ROLES: Triggering, Artifact-shaping (implied)
FT50:
YES
Cestino, Naldi, Ots
2023
Cestino Castilla, J., Naldi, L., & Ots, M. (2023). External enablers in existing organizations: Emergence, novelty, and persistence of entrepreneurial initiatives. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal.
EE Type:
Natural-Environmental, Regulatory, Societal Crisis
Industry Coverage
News Media
Geographic Coverage
AMERICAS, USA
Specific EEF Applications:
EE MECHANISMS: Combination, Compression, Conservation, Demand expansion, Demand substitution, Resource expansion, Uncertainty reduction; EE MECHANISM PROPERTIES: Opacity, Agency-intensity; EE ROLES: Venture triggering, Boost triggering
FT50:
YES
Chalmers, MacKenzie, Carter
2021
Chalmers, D., MacKenzie, N. G., & Carter, S. (2021). Artificial intelligence and entrepreneurship: Implications for venture creation in the fourth industrial revolution. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(5), 1028-1053.
EE Type:
Technological
Industry Coverage
Unspecified
Geographic Coverage
UNSPECIFIED
Specific EEF Applications:
EE ROLES: Artifact shaping, Process shaping
FT50:
NO
Chalmers, Matthews, Hyslop
2021
Chalmers, D., Matthews, R., & Hyslop, A. (2021). Blockchain as an external enabler of new venture ideas: Digital entrepreneurs and the disintermediation of the global music industry. Journal of Business Research, 125, 577-591.
EE Type:
Macroeconomic, Regulatory, Technological
Industry Coverage
Music, Narrow
Geographic Coverage
BROAD
Specific EEF Applications:
EE CHARACTERISTICS | EE MECHANISMS | EE ROLES: Artifact shaping
FT50:
NO
Chandra
2022
Chandra, Y. (2022). Non-fungible token-enabled entrepreneurship: A conceptual framework. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 18, e00323.
EE Type:
Technological
Industry Coverage
Unspecified
Geographic Coverage
UNSPECIFIED
Specific EEF Applications:
EE MECHANISMS: Generation, Compression, Substitution, Expansion, Elimination | EE ROLES: Artifact shaping
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